'Final Exam Blue Print Essay\r'

'Gowns: hamper soiling clothing during contact with longanimous\r\nMasks: should be worn when you anticipate flurry or spray of blood or body fluid and satisfy droplet/ mobile precautions. Protective eyewear: should be worn for procedures that contract splashes or splatters Gloves: prevent the transmission of pathogens by direct/indirect contact. This equipment cheers you from waste materials such(prenominal) as wounds, blood, stool, and urine.\r\nIndwelling urinary catheters †safaris of take chances for infections An indwelling urinary catheter obstructs the normal flushing attain of urine flow. The presence of a catheter in the urethra breaches the natural defenses of the body. Reflux of microorganisms up the catheter lm from the drainage bag or backflow of urine in the tubing increases the danger of infection.\r\nSurgical asepsis functions verse health check asepsis\r\nSurgical asepsis is use during procedures that require intentional perforation of diligent†™s pare down, when skin’s integrity is broken, or during procedures that involve insertion of catheters. * unfertile objects remains unimaginative only when touched by another sterile object * bum only sterile objects on sterile heavens\r\n* infertile object/field out of the range of vision or held below waist is dirty * Sterile object/field becomes foul by prolonged exposure to air. * When sterile ascend comes in contact with a wet, contaminated open, the sterile object/field becomes contaminated by capillary action * Sterile object becomes contaminated if gravity causes contaminated fluid to flow over the objects surface * The edges of sterile field/container ar considered to be contaminated. Medical asepsis, or clean technique, includes procedures for expurgate the number of organisms range and preventing the transfer of organisms. buy the farm hygiene, barrier techniques, and routine surroundal cleanup argon examples of medical\r\nasepsis.\r\nNursing encumbrance when assessing bradycardia radial thrill Can cause rhythm deficit. To assess a flash deficit 2 think ofs argon demand to assess radial and apical pulse simultaneously and compare rates. The difference between apical and radial pulse is the pulse deficit. Assess the ability of the nub to happen the demands of body tissue for nutrients by palpation a peripheral pulse or using a stethoscope to listen to heart sounds (apical rate)\r\nPulse sites\r\nTemporal, carotid, apical, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, Dorsalis pedis\r\nCritical Thinking- chapter 15\r\nExamples of application of critical intellection (you whitethorn have to scan the chapter, no specialised section to apply to the question) Know what would be considered critical thinking * Critical thinking involves recognizing that an issue exists, analyzing information about the issue, evaluating information, and devising conclusions. * Critical thinking is a regular process cha racterized by open-mindedness, continual inquiry, and perseverance.\r\n* diagnostic reason: determining a affected role’s health status later you have assigned meaning to the behaviors and symptoms presented. * demonstration: process of drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence. * clinical decision making: overseeful reasoning so the best options are chosen for the best outcomes. * Nursing process: five-step clinical decision-making approach. Five components of critical thinking.\r\n* Knowledge bastardly\r\n* Experience\r\n* Critical thinking competencies\r\n* Attitudes\r\n* Standards\r\n paid standard for critical thinking\r\n* cerebral: the intellectual standard is a road map or principle for rational thought. * professional: the professional standard refers to evidence-based ethical criteria for treat judgments used for evaluation and criteria for professional responsibility.\r\n patient preventive- chapter 27\r\n uncomplaining rubber during seizures \r\n* ecstasy precautions encompass all tutorship for interventions to protect the patient from traumatic lesion, position for comely ventilation and drainage of oral secretions, and depart privacy and reserve following the seizure. * seizure precautions are nursing interventions to protect patient from traumatic brand, positioning for adequate ventilation and drainage/oral secretions, and providing privacy and support after event.\r\nFall take a chance taproom and interventions\r\nThe plan for a patient who has game risk for falls.\r\n1. Select nursing interventions to get on safety according to patient’s developmental and health care needs.\r\n2. confab with OT and PT for helpful devices\r\n3. Select interventions that willing improve the safety of patients base of operations surroundings\r\nInterventions\r\n* Nursing interventions for promoting safety are personalised for patients’ developmental stage, modus vivendi, and surround. * Note the safety locks and anti-tip bar on the wheelchair. * Nurses contribute to a safer environment by helping patients meet basic needs related to oxygen, nutrition, and temperature. * Adequate punk and security measures in and around the home, including the use of nightlights, exterior lighting, and locks on windows and doors, enable patients to reduce the risk of blemish from crime. * Modifications in the environment will easily reduce the risk of falls. To reduce the risk of injury in the home, remove all obstacles from halls and other intemperately traveled areas. * Prevention of accidental fires and poisons requires sentiency of precautions such as not bullet in bed and keeping gaga substances out of reach of barbarianren. * Safety bar provide excellent prevention against falls.\r\nSafety risk- happen at developmental stages\r\n* Children jr. than 5 years of age are at greatest risk for home accidents that lead in severe injury and death. * The school-aged child is at risk for inj ury at home, at school, and while traveling to and from school. * Adolescents are at risk for injury from go accidents, suicide, and substance abuse. * Threats to an adult’s safety are frequently associated with lifestyle habits (smoking, drinking, uncivilized work, etc.). * Risks for injury for older patients are this instant related to the physiological changes of the senescent process.\r\nRisk\r\n* 16-19 : car accident\r\n* 75 and up: falls and car accident\r\n* elderly adults have decreased vision acuity and hearing loss making them at risk for MVA and hearing sirens or horns. descend reflexes occur with aging. * Lead can be in paint, soil, water and can be inhaled or swallowed. * 64 years and older; decreased vision, orthostatic hypotension, gait and chemical equilibrium problems, urinary incontinence, use of walking aids, cause of various medications (sedatives, anticonvulsants, hypnotics, analgesics. * Falls occur imputable to inadequate lighting, barriers a long walk paths and stairways, and leave out of safety devices in home. * tolerants most at risk of injury are those with shed blood tendencies (disease or medications), and osteoporosis (results in fractures). Every developmental age involves specific safety risks:\r\n* Children younger than 5 years of age are at greatest risk for home accidents that result in severe injury and death. * The school-aged child is at risk for injury at home, at school, and while traveling to and from school. * Adolescents are at risk for injury from automobile accidents, suicide, and substance abuse. * Threats to an adult’s safety are frequently associated with lifestyle habits (smoking, drinking, hazardous work, etc.). * Risks for injury for older patients are directly related to the physiological changes of the aging process.\r\nPriority planning patient care (this is using your critical thinking skills and wouldn’t be found in a section of the book)\r\n* In many situations, patient s present with multiple nursing diagnoses. Use a concept map to visualize how nursing diagnoses interrelate. * Establish goals with the patient’s self-care abilities and resources in mind, and focus on maintaining or up the condition of the skin and oral cavity. * Patient’s skin is clean, dry, and intact without signs of inflammation. * Patient’s skin remains stretch and well hydrated. * Patient’s skin is free from areas of pressure. * Timing is also all-important(a) in planning hygiene care. * In hospital or extended care settings, work closely with nursing assistive personnel, who a good deal provide hygiene care. * get together with other health team members as indicated (e.g., work with physical therapy and occupational therapy to deepen the patient’s independence with self-care activities). * When a patient needs assistance as a result of a self-care limitation, the family often becomes a valuable resource to the nurse and helps with hygi ene measures.\r\n'